Colobot (Colonize with Bots) is a game aimed at teaching programming through fun. You play the role of an astronaut traveling with robot assistants in search of a planet to colonize.
The game features real-time 3D graphics and the C++ and Java-like object-oriented language CBOT, which can be used to program the robots available in the game.

Thonny is a simple Python IDE with features useful for learning programming.

It comes with a debugger which is able to visualize all the conceptual steps taken to run a Python program (executing statements, evaluating expressions, maintaining the call stack). There is a GUI for installing 3rd party packages and special mode for learning about references.

BASIC-256 is an easy-to-use version of BASIC designed to teach children the basics of programming. Uses traditional commands such as gosub, for/next, and goto, making it easy for children to understand program flow. It has a built-in graphics mode that allows you to draw a picture on the screen in a few minutes, as well as a set of detailed and simple tutorials that explain programming principles with fun examples.

Vym (View Your Mind) is a mind diagramming program. It is useful for organizing thoughts and working on structuring something.
A connection diagram (mind map, mindmap) is a color radial diagram with an image in the center, illustrating semantic and other connections between parts of scientific material.
For example, it can graphically illustrate the structure of a dissertation plan, a project plan, or the structure of government institutions in an area.
Communication diagrams have many applications in personal, family, educational, and business situations.
Opportunities include note-taking, brainstorming, summarizing, revising, and general clarification of thoughts.

Dia is a program for creating diagrams, graphs, flowcharts, etc.
There is support for UML static structure diagrams (class diagrams), relationship diagrams, electronic elements, flow diagrams, network diagrams and many others.
Dia includes a large number of graphic elements for drawing various diagrams: block diagrams, electrical diagrams, chemistry, Cisco and others.
Diagrams are saved in XML format (additionally compressed using gzip), and export to JPEG, EPS, SVG, XFIG, WMF, PNG and other formats is also supported. You can import new objects into Dia, which are described in XML files.
Dia is extensible with new sets of objects that are described using files in an XML-based format.

KediCAD is a 2D analogue of AutoCAD.

This program has a simulation feature that allows you to make expected changes to general drawings.

KediCAD can also be used to create a drawing of the moment of inertial calculations and calculation of bends.

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LibreCad - CAD for 2D drawing and design. Allows you to solve 2D design problems, such as preparing engineering and construction drawings, such as building plans, interior plans, machine parts or diagrams and diagrams.

Scribus is an application for professional visual layout of printed documents (newspapers, magazines, brochures, literature, etc.) capable of creating high-quality pages for any purpose - be it replication for printing or electronic distribution.
Scribus supports all the features of professional publishing systems, such as extensive capabilities for layout and pre-press preparation of text, the CMYK color model, Spot Colors, the ICC color output management system, and the creation of PDF files.
This is similar to AdobeInDesign or QuarkXPress.

Alchemy is a drawing project aimed at exploring how we can draw, draw and create in new ways on computers.
Alchemy is not software for creating a finished piece of art, but a sketching environment that focuses on the absolute beginning stage of the creation process. Alchemy allows you to experiment and visually explore a wider range of ideas and possibilities.

Graphical interface (Qt) for creating, editing, and rendering flam3 IFS fractal flame images, which can be saved as png files.